CRIMINALIZATION OF HATE SPEECH IN THE CONTEXT OF UKRAINE’S NATIONAL SECURITY: LEXICO-SEMANTIC AND LINGUOPRAGMATIC ASPECTS

The article investigates the phenomenon of hate speech in the criminogenic discourse of social networks, where discriminatory and aggressive communicative practices are employed as instruments of informational and psychological influence, potentially posing a threat to societal stability. By applying a comprehensive methodology based on an interdisciplinary approach, encompassing methods of lexico-semantic, linguopragmatic, and cognitive-discursive analysis, the study identifies the lexico-semantic and pragmatic characteristics of utterances exhibiting features of hate speech and outlines directions for their linguistic (semantic-textual) analysis to detect verbal indicators of incitement to national, regional, racial, or religious hostility and hatred. As a result, the study delineates typical lexico-semantic markers of hate speech, describes the pragmatic mechanisms through which it influences the formation of social stereotypes and conflictual attitudes, and determines criteria relevant for expert practice.