Gender Dynamics in Qur'anic Translation: Analyzing Male and Female Perspectives on Surat Al-Fatiha

This paper investigates the impact of gender perspectives on the translation of Surat Al-Fatiha, a pivotal chapter in the Qur'an, through a comparative analysis of translations produced by both male and female scholars. By closely examining the works of Yusuf Ali, Muhammad Marmaduke Pickthall, Laleh Bakhtiar, and Amina Wadud, this study explores the ways in which gendered approaches shape the interpretation, rendering, and presentation of sacred Islamic texts. The selection of these translators provides a balanced representation of traditional and contemporary viewpoints, allowing for a nuanced exploration of how gender identity and scholarly perspective inform translation choices. Yusuf Ali’s and Pickthall’s translations are analyzed for their traditional and formal approaches, with particular attention paid to the influence of their respective historical, cultural, and religious contexts. Ali’s work is characterized by extensive commentary and an emphasis on bridging cultural divides through interpretive footnotes and annotations, while Pickthall’s translation remains closely aligned with classical interpretations, highlighting his commitment to linguistic and theological fidelity rooted in early Islamic tradition. In contrast, Bakhtiar’s feminist approach offers a critical engagement with gender biases embedded in traditional exegesis, seeking to reinterpret specific terms and concepts in ways that challenge patriarchal readings. Wadud’s academic perspective brings an intellectually rigorous yet spiritually engaged approach that integrates contemporary scholarship with a critical engagement of traditional Islamic interpretations. Her work reflects a synthesis of modern hermeneutical tools and classical exegetical insights, aiming to uncover the egalitarian spirit of the Qur’an while remaining rooted in its historical context.The analysis reveals how gender perspectives affect the translation of key phrases and concepts, influencing the text’s reception among diverse audiences. These findings underscore the important role that gendered translation practices play in either reinforcing or challenging established interpretations of sacred scripture. This research advances the theoretical understanding of gender in translation by demonstrating the practical effects of gendered perspectives on sacred texts. It demonstrates the tangible effects of gendered perspectives on sacred texts and offers thoughtful recommendations for future translators, emphasizing the importance of inclusivity and interpretive sensitivity to foster meaningful cross-cultural and interfaith dialogue.