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Derivation, internal validation, and recalibration of a cardiovascular risk score for Latin America and the Caribbean (Globorisk-LAC): A pooled analysis of cohort studies

Cohorts Consortium of Latin America and the Caribbean (CC-LAC) et al · Universidad de Costa Rica · 2024

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Universidad de Costa Rica Universidad de Costa Rica OAI-PMH
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Background: Risk stratification is a cornerstone of cardiovascular disease (CVD) prevention and a main strategy proposed to achieve global goals of reducing premature CVD deaths. There are no cardiovascular risk scores based on data from Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC) and it is unknown how well risk scores based on European and North American cohorts represent true risk among LAC populations. Methods: We developed a CVD (including coronary heart disease and stroke) risk score for fatal/non-fatal events using pooled data from 9 prospective cohorts with 21,378 participants and 1,202 events. We developed laboratory based (systolic blood pressure, total cholesterol, diabetes, and smoking), and office-based (body mass index replaced total cholesterol and diabetes) models. We used Cox proportional hazards and held back a subset of participants to internally validate our models by estimating Harrell’s C-statistic and calibration slopes. Findings: The C-statistic for the laboratory-based model was 72% (70−74%), the calibration slope was 0.994 (0.934−1.055) among men and 0.852 (0.761−0.942) among women; for the office-based model the C-statistic was 71% (69−72%) and the calibration slope was 1.028 (0.980−1.076) among men and 0.811 (0.663−0.958) among women. In the pooled sample, using a 20% risk threshold, the laboratory-based model had sensitivity of 21.9% and specificity of 94.2%. Lowering the threshold to 10% increased sensitivity to 52.3% and reduced specificity to 78.7%. Interpretation: The cardiovascular risk score herein developed had adequate discrimination and calibration. The Globorisk-LAC would be more appropriate for LAC than the current global or regional risk scores. This work provides a tool to strengthen risk-based cardiovascular prevention in LAC. Antecedentes: La estratificación de riesgo es piedra angular en la prevención cardiovascular y una estrategia fundamental para reducir la mortalidad prematura por enfermedades cardiovasculares. No existe un puntaje de riesgo (risk score) cardiovascular basado en datos de América Latina y el Caribe (ALC), y se desconoce qué tan bien los puntajes basados en cohortes de Europa y América del Norte representan el riesgo cardiovascular en población de ALC. Métodos: Desarrollamos un puntaje de riesgo para enfermedades cardiovasculares (enfermedad coronaria y stroke) fatales y no fatales utilizando 9 cohortes con 21,378 participantes y 1,202 desenlaces. Desarrollamos un puntaje con variables de laboratorio (presión arterial sistólica, colesterol total, diabetes y tabaquismo), y un puntaje con solo variables clínicas (índice de masa corporal reemplazó al colesterol total y diabetes). Utilizamos modelos de Cox y validamos internamente los modelos calculando la pendiente de calibración y el Harrell's C-statistic. Resultados: El C-statistic para el modelo con variables de laboratorio fue 72% (70–74%) y la pendiente de calibración fue 0.994 (0.934–0.958) en hombres y 0.852 (0.761–0.942) en mujeres; para el modelo con solo variables clínicas el C-statistic fue 71% (69–72%) y la pendiente de calibración fue 1.028 (0.980-1.076) en hombres y 0.811 (0.663–0.958) en mujeres. En la muestra estudiada, utilizando un punto de corte de 20% de riesgo, el modelo con variables de laboratorio tuvo una sensibilidad de 21.9% y especificidad de 94.2%; cambiando el punto de corte a 10% aumentó la sensibilidad a 52.3% y redujo la especificidad a 78.7%. Interpretación: El puntaje de riesgo cardiovascular aquí desarrollado tuvo adecuada discriminación y calibración. El Globorisk-LAC sería más apropiado para ALC en comparación a los puntajes de riesgo globales y regionales. Este trabajo ofrece una herramienta que fortalece la prevención cardiovascular basada en estratificación de riesgo para ALC. Wellcome Trust/[214185/Z/18/Z]/WT/Reino Unido

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APA 7

America, C. C. O. L. & al, T. C. (. L. E. (2024). Derivation, internal validation, and recalibration of a cardiovascular risk score for Latin America and the Caribbean (Globorisk-LAC): A pooled analysis of cohort studies. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lana.2022.100258

MLA

America, Cohorts Consortium of Latin, and the Caribbean (CC-LAC) et al. "Derivation, internal validation, and recalibration of a cardiovascular risk score for Latin America and the Caribbean (Globorisk-LAC): A pooled analysis of cohort studies." 2024. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lana.2022.100258.

Chicago

America, Cohorts Consortium of Latin and the Caribbean (CC-LAC) et al. 2024. "Derivation, internal validation, and recalibration of a cardiovascular risk score for Latin America and the Caribbean (Globorisk-LAC): A pooled analysis of cohort studies.". https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lana.2022.100258.

Harvard

America, C. C. O. L. and al, T. C. (. L. E. 2024, Derivation, internal validation, and recalibration of a cardiovascular risk score for Latin America and the Caribbean (Globorisk-LAC): A pooled analysis of cohort studies, Universidad de Costa Rica, available at: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lana.2022.100258 [Accessed 7 Aug. 2026].

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Title
Derivation, internal validation, and recalibration of a cardiovascular risk score for Latin America and the Caribbean (Globorisk-LAC): A pooled analysis of cohort studies
Author / contributors
Cohorts Consortium of Latin America and the Caribbean (CC-LAC) et al
Publisher
Universidad de Costa Rica
Publication year
2024
ISSN
2667-193X
ISSN
2667-193X
Language
English

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