Imaging in chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension: review of the current literature

Chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH) is a severe, life-threatening complication of pulmonary embolism with pulmonary hypertension (PH). The combination of insufficient resolution of thrombi following pulmonary emboli and accompanying microvascular disease results in PH. Advances in imaging can offer better insight into CTEPH diagnosis and management, but lack of disease awareness among radiologists has been shown to be a cause of CTEPH misdiagnosis or delayed diagnosis. This review highlights features pertinent to CTEPH diagnosis. The primary focus is on different modalities with their distinctive signs and newly developed technologies employing artificial intelligence systems.