An intelligent controlling in electric vehicle system with integrated DBS and BMS for sustainable solution

Abstract The adoption of Electric Vehicles (EVs) has accelerated due to ongoing technological advancements, cost reductions, and a growing awareness of environmental issues. However, despite this progress, challenges persist in improving energy efficiency, extending the lifespan of batteries, and ensuring optimal performance under diverse operating conditions. This research focuses on enhancing the performance and overall efficiency of EVs by proposing the integration of a dual battery system managed by an advanced battery management system using MATLAB/Simulink. The key objective is to optimise the distribution of energy across the system, improving energy availability, prolonging battery life, and ensuring efficient energy use under varying operational conditions. The proposed dual battery system utilises dynamic load balancing and real-time energy distribution strategies, enabling better management of power consumption (1.4 W) and improving the overall efficiency (85%) of the EV’s propulsion system for the enhanced range of SOC to 60%. The integration of such a system is critical in minimising energy wastage, enhancing the longevity of the batteries, and reducing the frequency of recharging cycles, thereby lowering the environmental footprint and operational costs of EVs. In addition to the dual battery and advanced BMS, the research explores the incorporation of solar panels as a supplementary energy source. This innovation aims to increase the overall energy efficiency of the EV by harnessing solar power to charge the batteries or provide auxiliary power to the vehicle’s systems.