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Urine concentrating ability in cats with hyperthyroidism: Influence of radioiodine treatment, masked azotemia, and iatrogenic hypothyroidism

Mark E. Peterson et al · Oxford University Press · 2023

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Author / responsible party
Mark E. Peterson et al
Publisher
Oxford University Press
Year
2023
ISSN
0891-6640
ISSN
0891-6640
Language
English
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Abstract Background Hyperthyroid cats often have urine specific gravity (USG) values <1.035. It remains unclear how USG changes after treatment, if USG can be used to predict azotemia after treatment, or how iatrogenic hypothyroidism influences USG values. Objectives To determine the proportion of hyperthyroid cats with USG <1.035 vs ≥1.035; if USG changes after treatment; and whether USG <1.035 correlated with unmasking of azotemia or hypothyroidism. Animals Six hundred fifty‐five hyperthyroid cats treated with radioiodine; 190 clinically normal cats. Methods Prospective, before‐and‐after study. Hyperthyroid cats had serum thyroxine, thyroid‐stimulating hormone, and creatinine concentrations, and USG measured before and 6 months after successful treatment with radioiodine. Results Of untreated hyperthyroid cats, USG was ≥1.035 in 346 (52.8%) and <1.035 in 309 (47.2%). After treatment, 279/346 (80.6%) maintained USG ≥1.035, whereas 67/346 (19.4%) became <1.035; 272/309 (88%) maintained USG <1.035, whereas 37/309 (12%) became ≥1.035. Only 22/346 (6.4%) with USG ≥1.035 developed azotemia after treatment, compared with 136/309 (44%) with <1.035 (P < .001). Of cats remaining nonazotemic, 38% had USG <1.035, compared with 20% of normal cats (P < .001). The 137 cats with iatrogenic hypothyroidism had lower USG after treatment than did 508 euthyroid cats (1.024 vs 1.035), but USGs did not change after levothyroxine supplementation. USG <1.035 had high sensitivity (86.1%) but moderate specificity (65.2%) in predicting azotemia after treatment. Conclusions and Clinical Importance Hyperthyroidism appears not to affect USG in cats. However, cats with evidence of sub‐optimal concentrating ability before radioiodine treatment (USG < 1.035) are more likely to develop azotemia and unmask previously occult chronic kidney disease. Iatrogenic hypothyroidism itself did not appear to affect USG values.

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APA 7

al, M. E. P. E. (2023). Urine concentrating ability in cats with hyperthyroidism: Influence of radioiodine treatment, masked azotemia, and iatrogenic hypothyroidism. https://doi.org/10.1111/jvim.16849

MLA

al, Mark E. Peterson et. "Urine concentrating ability in cats with hyperthyroidism: Influence of radioiodine treatment, masked azotemia, and iatrogenic hypothyroidism." 2023. https://doi.org/10.1111/jvim.16849.

Chicago

al, Mark E. Peterson et. 2023. "Urine concentrating ability in cats with hyperthyroidism: Influence of radioiodine treatment, masked azotemia, and iatrogenic hypothyroidism.". https://doi.org/10.1111/jvim.16849.

Harvard

al, M. E. P. E. 2023, Urine concentrating ability in cats with hyperthyroidism: Influence of radioiodine treatment, masked azotemia, and iatrogenic hypothyroidism, Oxford University Press, available at: https://doi.org/10.1111/jvim.16849 [Accessed 8 Aug. 2026].

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Title
Urine concentrating ability in cats with hyperthyroidism: Influence of radioiodine treatment, masked azotemia, and iatrogenic hypothyroidism
Author / contributors
Mark E. Peterson et al
Publisher
Oxford University Press
Publication year
2023
ISSN
0891-6640
ISSN
0891-6640
Language
English

Subjects

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131I; CKD; feline; hypothyroidism; kidney; radioactive iodine
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