Towards an experimental control of neural activity: The Wilson-Cowan model

The prospect of modifying neural activity in a principled way, could facilitate the understanding of brain functions and the development of medical treatments. To predict the dynamics that underlie the different brain activities, several neurobiological models have been proposed, either focusing on individual cells or whole populations. In this context, control systems are a powerful tool to provide a correct articulation between inputs, i.e. neural stimuli, and observables, i.e. system outcomes. Based on well-established neurobiological hypotheses, this study presents a control framework to regulate a neural-mass activity, with potential uses for pattern tracking, such as, rhythm evoking and phase synchronisation. Being these mechanisms closely connected with real brain computations, this study is carried out using a meaningful perspective in terms of biological interpretation. To this end, the Wilson-Cowan model is used, where the input stimuli is elicited through light signals applied to genetically modified neurons that express light-gated actuators. Thus, this study states a crucial proof of concept towards a future experimental application of the control framework for neurobiological systems.