Contact Mechanism of Rail Grinding with Open-Structured Abrasive Belt Based on Pressure Grinding Plate

Abstract The current research of abrasive belt grinding rail mainly focuses on the contact mechanism and structural design. Compared with the closed structure abrasive belt grinding, open-structured abrasive belt grinding has excellent performance in dynamic stability, consistency of grinding quality, extension of grinding mileage and improvement of working efficiency. However, in the contact structure design, the open-structured abrasive belt grinding rail using a profiling pressure grinding plate and the closed structure abrasive belt using the contact wheel are different, and the contact mechanisms of the two are different. In this paper, based on the conformal contact and Hertz theory, the contact mechanism of the pressure grinding plate, abrasive belt and rail is analyzed. Through finite element simulation and static pressure experiment, the contact behavior of pressure grinding plate, abrasive belt and rail under single concentrated force, uniform force and multiple concentrated force was studied, and the distribution characteristics of contact stress on rail surface were observed. The results show that under the same external load, there are three contact areas under the three loading modes. The outer contour of the middle contact area is rectangular, and the inner contour is elliptical. In the contact area at both ends, the stress is extremely small under a single concentrated force, the internal stress is drop-shaped under a uniform force, and the internal stress under multiple concentration forces is elliptical. Compared with the three, the maximum stress is the smallest and the stress distribution is more uniform under multiple concentrated forces. Therefore, the multiple concentrated forces is the best grinding pressure loading mode. The research provides support for the application of rail grinding with open-structured abrasive belt based on pressure grinding plate, such as contact mechanism and grinding pressure mode selection.