Negative optical force field on supercavitating titanium nitride nanoparticles by a single plane wave

A pulling motion of supercavitating plasmonic nanoparticle (NP) by a single plane wave has received attention for the fundamental physics and potential applications in various fields (e.g., bio-applications, nanofabrication, and nanorobotics). Here, the supercavitating NP depicts a state where a nanobubble encapsulates the NP, which can be formed via the photo-thermal heating process in a liquid. In this letter, we theoretically study the optical force on a supercavitating titanium nitride (TiN) NP by a single plane wave at near-infrared wavelengths to explore optical conditions that can potentially initiate the backward motion of the NP against the wave-propagating direction. An analysis with vector spherical harmonics is used to quantify the optical force on the NP efficiently. Next, the vector field line of the optical force is introduced to visualize the light-driven motion of the NP in a nanobubble. Finally, we characterize the vector field lines at various optical conditions (e.g., various sizes of NP and nanobubble, and wavelength), and we find a suitable window of the optical state which can potentially activate the backward motion of the supercavitating TiN NP.