Overview on Comparison of Four Preparation Methods and Physical Properties of Graphene

Graphene is a single layer of carbon atoms arranged in a hexagonal lattice structure, forming a two-dimensional (2D) material with exceptional mechanical, electrical, and thermal properties. Graphene has emerged as one of the most promising nanomaterials because of its unique combination of exceptional properties: the thinnest and the strongest materials, an excellent conductor of electricity, and optically transparent as well. This article provides an overview of graphene materials regarding its basic structure, preparation methods, and unique properties. The four commonly used methods for preparing graphene are compared, and the advantages and disadvantages of each are expounded and briefly summarized. And the basic physical properties of graphene materials obtained by each method, namely, in mechanics, electricity, thermal, and optics, were elaborated in detail, and the related applications of graphene prospects are further discussed.