The Effect of Organic Pollutants on the Some Physical and Chemical Properties of Groundwater in the Azzab Al-Asfal District - Kirkuk

In this study, the effect of organic pollutants dissolved in water, which was extracted with normal hexane (HEM) on the physical properties of groundwater in the Azzab Al-Asfal district - Kirkuk, was studied, represented by viscosity, surface tension. And chemical properties: pH, basicity, acidity, chlorides, nitrates, sulfates, and chromium. The results showed that the organic pollutants are sourced from the oil wells in the (Bai Hassan) region of the North Oil Company. Oil spills and crude oil processing operations lead to contamination of groundwater in nearby areas with organic matter that has a direct impact on the physical and chemical properties of that water. As the viscosity and surface tension decreased as a result of the dissolution of some organic substances in the groundwater, these solutes acted as surface tension and viscosity reducers. Other chemical properties were also affected by human activities, as the alkalinity and acidity increased significantly while the pH remained within the medium limits. Concentrations of chlorides, chromium, and nutrients represented in nitrates and sulfates were also affected, as their levels rose beyond the normal values. The data were treated statistically using the (SPSS) software, and Pearson's correlation coefficient was used as a function to find out the correlations and their size between HEM and other variables.