Semiconductor Quantum Dots as Materials for Lasers Based on Them

<p>Quantum dots (QDs) today belong to the central research objects of many scientific groups. The study of theproperties of structures of small size is important both for the further development of electronics, and for theimprovement of existing semiconductor devices. At present, there are many methods of obtaining QDsobtainingunder the laboratory conditions: the method of ultrasonic grinding, molecular beam epitaxy, pulsed laser ablation,as well as using such methods of chemical synthesis as organometall synthesis, synthesis in reverse micelles,electrothermal synthesis, sol-gel synthesis, synthesis using thiol stabilizers, synthesis in a non-aqueous medium.Nowadays, the most promising methods are based on the use of the phenomenon of self-organization. These aremolecular-beam epitaxy and colloidal chemistry methods, and the latter are used for synthesisof nanosizedcrystals.The band gap width and the energy of luminescence peak are determined by the size of the particles.</p><p><strong>Keywords</strong>: quantum dots; hydrothermal synthesis, solvothermal synthesis; semiconductor quantum dots;quantum-dimensional effects.</p>