Investigation the toxicity of compound insecticide (Acetamiprid and Thiamethioxam) on development of Ross 308 Broiler chick embryo

Abstract<br /> Insecticides are chemical compounds that extensively used in agriculture for pest management, urban and household as well as in medicine to control different diseases such as typhus, malaria and others. The purpose of this study was to investigate the toxic effects of compound insecticide (Acetamiprid and Thiamethioxam) on develop-ment of Ross 308 Broiler chick embryo. 250 fertile eggs were divided into 6 groups two of them were control group, negative and positive control were injected with distilled water and the other were injected with 100µl/egg, into the yolk sac, containing Acetamiprid and Thiamethioxam (360, 540, 900 and 1800ppm). The morphological characteristics were studies on day 10th and 21st day of incubation. The fourth doses caused reduction in the embryos weight and significant increase in the mortality. In addition, there were clear abnormalities indicated on both days (10 and 21) including over growth in the brain, twisted cleft beak, wry neck eye deformation, ectopia visceral, delayed retraction of yolk sac, abnormal limbs, and broken legs. Microscopically, examination of liver tissue revealed on 10 day as well as 21 day to alterations in the hepatic cells including necrosis and degeneration enlarged and congested central vein and sinusoidal spaces and infiltrations of leucocyte and Kupffer cells activation. To conclude, the current study revealed that Acetamiprid and Thiamethioxam caused significant morphological and histological effects in chick embryo Ross 308.