Nanophotonic route to control electron behaviors in 2D materials

Two-dimensional (2D) Dirac materials, e.g., graphene and transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs), are one-atom-thick monolayers whose electronic behaviors are described by the Dirac equation. These materials serve not only as test beds for novel quantum physics but also as promising constituents for nanophotonic devices. This review provides a brief overview of the recent effort to control Dirac electron behaviors using nanophotonics. We introduce a principle of light-2D Dirac matter interaction to offer a design guide for 2D Dirac material–based nanophotonic devices. We also discuss opportunities for coupling nanophotonics with externally perturbed 2D materials.