Proces USA vs. Karl Brandt et al. a jeho význam pro rozvoj lékařské etiky v oblasti lékařských experimentů v prvních dvou dekádách po konci II. světové války

The paper deals with the topic of the first Subsequent Nuremberg Military Trial USA vs. Karl Brandt et al. also known as “Doctors trial” or “Medical trial” and its importance for the development of medical ethics in the modern era. The paper discusses circumstances, which led to the trial, the philosophy behind it and the actual proceedings of the tribunal. The author tries to analyze the defenses of the defendants as well as the main arguments of the prosecutors. The aim of the second part of the article is to analyze the impact of the so-called Nuremberg Code, the set of medical ethical rules, which were defined in the judgment of the Tribunal, on the development of the modern medicine ethical principles. In the final part of the paper, the author tries to sum up positives and negatives of the proceedings and its subsequent impact on the medical profession.