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Abstract In this paper we present an analysis of the role of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) in the regulation of health claims (claims about additional health benefits provided by foods). Currently there is a line o...

We consider the problem of optimizing rolling stock operations, including preventive maintenance, to enhance technical availability. Our approach accounts for various types of rolling stock and their multi-level maintena...

Operational failures in military and emergency contexts are routinely attributed to technical malfunction, inadequate training, or weak leadership. What such accounts tend to miss are the subtler psychological and organi...

Multimodal data integration is increasingly central to neuroscience and perception science, where heterogeneous signals such as behavioral responses, sensory inputs, electrophysiological recordings, neuroimaging measurem...

Today, when managers are faced with radical paradigm shifts, researchers are closely following the phenomenon of the digitalization of the decision-making process. Discussing various advantages and disadvantages, as ...

IntroductionWe address moral uncertainty in reinforcement learning (RL) by proposing a framework that integrates multiple ethical theories into decision-making. Existing approaches rely on single moral frameworks or hand...

More flexible and cooperative decision-making processes are required as a result of society's digital transformation. The role of augmented intelligence, that is the synergistic fusion of artificial intelligence and huma...

In this paper, we present the formalization and implementation of a decision framework in which a group of agents can express their preferences among a set of alternatives by using several comparison criteria. We define ...

Abstract The increase in vehicle ownership and urban population puts a strain on roads and increases traffic congestion within developed and developing nations. Congestion affects an individual’s time and increases an ...

Abstract BackgroundArtificial intelligence (AI) integrated with point-of-care imaging is a promising approach to expand access in settings with limited specialist availability. However, no systematic review h...

Currently, many prospective students are still confused about which study program to choose. One of the problematic factors is the lack of references from prospective students about the contents of each study program. Th...

A gap between scientific research and regulatory frameworks continues to challenge the effective translation of science into policy and regulation. This commentary explores the disconnection between scientific research, ...

In the context of the digital transformation of science and education, the widespread adoption of generative artificial intelligence models functions both as a useful software solution that optimizes routine processes an...

Ranching is a challenging and sometimes risky business, with cattle production (and associated enterprise income) largely being dependent on seasonal weather patterns and corresponding forage production. To help reduce t...

Abstract This study presents a holistic decision analysis framework for optimizing school garden interventions in public and private schools across Vietnam. We evaluate the effects of such interventions on child health, ...

Rich in multiple strategic rare metals, deep-sea manganese nodules constitute an essential mineral resource for balancing terrestrial resource supply and demand and facilitating the global energy transition. Accurate pre...

Lead optimization (LO) is essential to fulfill the efficacy and safety requirements of drug-based targeted therapy. The ease with which water may be locally removed from around the target protein crucially influences LO ...

Mining development is of prime importance for economic growth, industrialization, and resilience, particularly for countries rich in minerals, such as Iran. Using an excellent multicriteria decision-making (MCDM) method,...

IntroductionFlood risk assessment has become increasingly important in regions vulnerable to climate-induced disasters. This study addresses the need for a robust decision-support framework by proposing a hybrid multi-cr...

Abstract Historical analogies recur in leaders’ discourse during crises as policymakers rely on familiar frameworks to navigate complex foreign-policy decisions and to create a sense of continuity amid unprecedented ch...

During the Second World War, the Romanian government turned ethnic cleansing into a top priority. Mass killing, ghettoization, and brutal deportations were accepted as effective means to achieve ultra-nationalistic and r...

Characterizing the motivating components of individual or group narratives can help understand how different stakeholders and communities engage with each other, and how information, values, and beliefs are used to arriv...

Abstract The ability to monitor the safety of natural gas pipelines is guaranteed by leak detection. Systems are capable of responding quickly, and very precisely to events because delays during such events can lead to s...

Rapid urbanization and increasing energy demand have intensified environmental pressures, particularly in the transportation sector, which remains one of the largest contributors to greenhouse gas emissions. Although ele...