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Background23-Hydroxybetulinic acid (23-HBA), a key bioactive compound in the traditional Chinese herb Pulsatilla chinensis, has garnered substantial scientific interest due to its potent antitumor activity. However, the ...

Keyuan Zhao,1 Yanjiao Jiang2 1The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310053, People’s Republic of China; 2The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Med...

IntroductionCyclin-dependent kinase 5 (Cdk5) plays a critical role in pain transmission by phosphorylating key nociceptive proteins. One of its recently identified substrates, the P2X2 subunit, is part of the P2X2/3 puri...

Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) exhibits genomic instability and rapidly upregulates PD-L1. This study investigated whether delphinidin, the dietary anthocyanidin, could modulate both intrinsic PD-L1 signaling and S...

Bisphenol A (BPA) can combine with glycidyl methacrylate to form bisphenol A glycidyl methacrylate (Bis-GMA). Bis-GMA is an important industrial raw material and a significant component of dental resin materials. Althoug...

Multi-domain traffic engineering is a very challenging problem area and crankback signaling offers a very promising solutions framework herein. Although some initial crankback studies have been done, there is still signi...

We consider a toy model for nonlocal quantum correlations in which nature resorts to some form of hidden signaling (i.e., signaling between boxes but not available to the users) to generate correlations. We show that if ...

Alcoholic gastric ulcer is a clinically prevalent gastrointestinal disorder whose pathogenesis is closely associated with both the direct mucosal damage induced by ethanol and the subsequent inflammatory response. Isoliq...

Objective: Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a major microvascular complication of diabetes. This study aimed to elucidate the protective effects of curcumin, a bioactive dietary compound derived from turmeric, and its underl...

ABSTRACT Under certain conditions, components of the oral microbiota have been detected in the gastrointestinal tract, implicating oral microbial communities in intestinal immune regulation. However, the mechanisms by wh...

Abstract Background Phosphatidylinositol transfer protein-1 (pitp-1) is involved in the phosphoinositide (PIP) cycle. The role of pitp-1 in promoting healthy longevity remains unknown. Our previous work showed that the P...

Substantial efforts have been made to understand the immune response during severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection, in order to identify and characterize risk factors, immune mechanisms re...

Abstract Cytokines from the transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) superfamily are essential regulators of cell growth, survival, and differentiation, playing a pivotal role in mammalian embryonic development, adult tiss...

Background: Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is a highly heterogeneous malignancy lacking reliable prognostic biomarkers and effective therapeutic targets. TMEM72, a kidney-enriched protein, is dysregulated in RCC, yet its bio...

A pathological shift in bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell (BMSC) differentiation towards adipogenesis at the expense of osteogenesis is a key cellular driver of osteoporosis induced by glucocorticoids or estrogen deficie...

Harnessing root-associated microbiomes to promote beneficial microbial compositions could offer a sustainable strategy to increase crop resilience. Major challenges impeding this strategy are the lack of understanding of...

Hexachlorobenzene (HCB) is a widespread environmental pollutant and a dioxin-like compound that binds weakly to the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR). Because AhR and transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1) converge to re...

Background: Cardiac complications arising from diabetes mellitus manifest as structural and functional myocardial alterations independent of traditional cardiovascular risk factors. The intricate molecular underpinnings ...

Objective: To determine the optimal dosing ratio of the herbal components within compound Hemerocallis citrina Baroni (H. citrina) extract concentrate (CHEC), evaluate its antidepressant effects in zebrafish and mouse mo...

Biogenic amine neurotransmitters play a central role in metazoan biology, and both their chemical structures and cognate receptors are evolutionarily conserved. Their primary roles are in cell-to-cell signaling, as bioge...

Abstract Background Cervicovaginal microbiota dysbiosis has been implicated in the progression of cervical cancer. Recent studies have reported an increased abundance of Porphyromonas species in the vaginal microbiota of...

Abstract Objective Retinal neovascularization is a leading cause of irreversible blindness worldwide. Chinese herbal medicines have unique therapeutic properties, such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and neuroprotecti...

Bacteria of the genus Bradyrhizobium are able to establish a symbiotic relationship with peanut (Arachis hypogaea) root cells and to fix atmospheric nitrogen by converting it to nitrogenous compounds. Quorum sensing (QS)...

Prenatal testosterone (T) excess increases ovarian follicular recruitment, follicular persistence, insulin resistance, and compensatory hyperinsulinemia. Considering the importance of insulin in ovarian physiology, in th...